The governments of the world keep an accurate record of the time by using atomic clocks. To give you an idea of just how accurate an atomic clock is, it is even more accurate than the rotation of the earth itself. This level of accuracy is absolutely necessary to synchronize space travel, to synchronize the Internet and the airways of the world would be very dangerous nowadays without the absolute certainty of an atomic timepiece.
Not Easy to Understand
Atomic clocks work by means of oscillation between the nucleus of an atom and its surrounding neutrons. Not an easy concept to describe. But that should be enough to send you off in the right direction. You need a professor here. I'm not one!
Invention of the Atomic Clock
In 1945 Isidor Rabi, a Columbia University physics professor, developed the atomic clock from his theory of Atomic Beam Magnetic Resonance. In 1949 the National Bureau of Standards announced the first atomic clock using an ammonia molecule as the source of vibration (oscillation). Later, in 1952, this was substituted by cesium atoms for a more accurate vibration.
The most recent atomic clocks have an accuracy of about one second in twenty million years. Now that's amazing. The Egyptian water clock, while wonderful for its time, certainly couldn't compete with that. Of course, atomic clocks have now replaced the original Nautical Clocks for the purpose of maritime navigation. I'm sure they wonder how they ever did without an atomic clock.
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